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          <h1 class="post-title" itemprop="name headline">centOS7安装python3.6与python2.7共存</h1>
        

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        <p>centos7 python2.7 与python3.6 共存，并处理好pip</p>
<p>首先在安装之前先确定系统内的python版本和pip</p>
<p>然后查看/usr/bin目录下的python软连接和pip</p>
<p>然后删除它们</p>
<p>这是需要修改yum的python指向</p>
<p>编辑/usr/bin/yum文件将python指向修改为python2的软连接</p>
<ol>
<li><p>下载压缩包<br><a href="https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.5/Python-3.6.5.tgz" target="_blank" rel="noopener">h</a></p>
<p>并用xftp上传到服务器，<br>或者使用</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">wget &lt;https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.5/Python-3.6.5.tgz&gt;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>下载到服务器</p>
</li>
<li><p>安装相关依赖 </p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">yum install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gcc make epel-release</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>



</li>
</ol>
<ol start="3">
<li><p>解压 </p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">tar -xzvf Python-3.6.0.tgz</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p> 解压后进入安装目录</p>
</li>
<li><p>编译安装包 注意：prefix参数用于指定将Python安装在新目录，防止覆盖系统默认安装的python </p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">./configure –prefix=/usr/local/python3.6 </span><br><span class="line">make &amp;&amp; make install</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p> 执行安装</p>
</li>
<li><p>修改系统默认的Python路径，因为在终端中输入Python命令时默认是指向Python2.7<br>查看得知，还有一个python2的软连接，继续使用即可(在开始之前已经删除了python的软连接)</p>
</li>
<li><p>配置pip<br>已经将原来的pip删掉了，发现内部还有pip2可以使用<br>所以这里只需要配置好pip3即可，<br>先查找到</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">pip3 find / -name pip3</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>然后建立软连接</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">ln -s /usr/local/python3.6/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip3</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>验证：输入pip3 –version 看是否指向的是python3.6 </p>
<p>输入pip2 –version 看是否指向的是python2</p>
</li>
<li><p>建立新的软连接指向Python3.6 </p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">ln -s /usr/local/python36/bin/python3.6 /usr/bin/python3</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>


</li>
</ol>
<p>   建立指向python3的python软连接 </p>
   <figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">ln -s /usr/local/python36/bin/python3.6 /usr/bin/python</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>



<ol start="8">
<li><p>因为yum是依赖python的，所以这里我们修改了默认的python,就要要修改yum，让其运行指向旧的版本 </p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">vi /usr/bin/yum</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>将第一行中的“#!/usr/bin/python”<br>修改为“#!/usr/bin/python2”，保存即可</p>
<p>将第一行中的“#!/usr/bin/python”<br>修改为“#!/usr/bin/python2”，保存即可</p>
</li>
<li><p>验证<br>输入python3 看是否指向的是python3.6<br>输入python2 看是否指向的是python2</p>
</li>
<li><p>导出python 依赖文件：pip freeze &gt; requirements.txt</p>
</li>
<li><p>升级对应的pip版本 </p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">python3 -m pip install –upgrade pip –force-reinstall </span><br><span class="line">python2 -m pip install –upgrade pip –force-reinstal</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>



</li>
</ol>
<p>安装虚拟环境virtualenv和virtualenvwrapper</p>
<ol>
<li><p>安装virtualenv virtualenvwrapper </p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">pip install virtualenv virtualenvwrapper</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>如果没有pip 先安装</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">pip：yum install -y pip</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>安装好了之后，查找virtualenv位置：find / -name virtualenv<br>例：返回：/usr/local/python36/bin/virtualenv<br>查找virtualenvwrapper.sh位置：</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">find / -name virtualenvwrapper.sh</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>如果没有pip 先安装pip：yum install -y pip<br>安装好了之后，查找virtualenv位置：find / -name virtualenv<br>例：返回：/usr/local/python36/bin/virtualenv<br>查找virtualenvwrapper.sh位置：find / -name virtualenvwrapper.sh </p>
<p>例：返回：/usr/local/python36/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh</p>
</li>
<li><p>在/usr/bin中添加环境变量（就是新建了一个软连接）</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">ln -s /usr/local/python36/bin/virtualenv /usr/bin/virtualenv</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>



</li>
</ol>
<ol start="3">
<li><p>修改环境变量相关脚本/root/.bashrc<br>添加如下代码 </p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">export WORKON_HOME=/root/.virtualenvs  #创建一个存放虚拟环境的目录</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>



</li>
</ol>
   <figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">export PROJECT_HOME=/root/workspace </span><br><span class="line">source /usr/local/python36/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh #virtualenvwrapper.sh的位置</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>   然后重启：</p>
   <figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">source ./.bashrc</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>



<ol start="4">
<li><p>检验<br>输入：mkvirtualenv 查看出现的信息，如果提示命令不存在，那么就是没有安装成功<br>基本命令： </p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">mkvirtualenv test #创建一个虚拟环境默认指向python3 </span><br><span class="line">workon test #进入test虚拟环境 </span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">deactivate #退出虚拟环境</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>关于centos安装mysql数据库的安装和配置</p>
</li>
</ol>
<p><a href="https://www.cnblogs.com/starof/p/4680083.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://www.cnblogs.com/starof/p/4680083.html</a></p>

      
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